Rotating means



Qct. 20, 1931.

' P. J. CANNON ROTATING MEANS Filed June 8 1929 Tizrl.

2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR Oct. 20, 1931. J. CANNON 1,828,593

' ROTATING MEANS Filed June 8, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Oct. 20, 1931 rumor: J. CANNON, or NEW Yonx, N. Y.

aourme MEANS Application filed June 8, 1929. Serial No. 369,435.

Myjnventionrelates to rotating means, and more particularly rotating means adapted to operate rapidly under light load and slowly with greater power transmission under heavy load. i 1

One object of my invention is the provision of a rotating means which is adjustable for light or heavy duty. Another object is to effeet a saving in the actuating efiort required under increased load, no matter what the character of the actuating effort.- Further ob jects will be apparent upon consideration of the present specification.

The invention is illustrated by wa of example, in its application to I a sea old for building construction (to which example the invention is not limited) in the accompanying drawings, wherein- Figure 1 is an end elevation of a scafiold constructed in accordance with the invention, Fig. 2 is a broken plan View of the scaffold end shown in Figure 1, I

Fig. 3 is an end view of one of the hoisting drums showin the rotating means,

Fi 4 is a si e elevation of one of the hoist ing 'rums, and

Fig. 5 is apartial end elevation of another form of the invention.

In the working scaffolds sides of buildings, there are provided winding 'drums upon which the su porting cables are'wound to elevate the sea old, and these winding drums are rotated by means of levers. Such constructions have heretofore been direct acting: that is to say a sin le lever system has been provided for rotating the winding drum. Whenheavier loads were carried u on the scafiold and had to be lifted, more men were requiredto leave their work and-operate the levers. This has resulted in a considerableloss of time from the actual building operations, and such losses have become increasingly undesirable as the cost of labor has increased. Further, the load of building material which can be carried by the'scafl'old is definitely limited, as .the number of men who can work together to operate one lever is limited, particularly in the cramped space for such work which is afiorded by the scafiold.

used on. the out- I have now discovered that it is possible to construct a scaffold and the mechanism for operating the same in such manner as to make it possible to raise the scaffold with the minis mum of labor, loaded or not loa'dedat all. It is thus possible to perform this non-productive work at smaller expense than has heretofore been possible whether the scafiold be heavily and to maintain the maximum number of men steadily engaged upon roductive work. By analogy other app-licatlons of this principle will be obvious.

Referring now to the accompanying drawings,.a supporting beam 10 is shown, such as is customaril Y projected temporarily beyond the wall of a uildlng under construction for supporting a working scaffold. Two connecting members 11-11 embrace the beam 10 at'. suitable intervals, and cables 12--12'depend from the respective connecting members 11-11 for supportin a scaffold 13.

The scaffold includes a framework 14 to which isattached supportingframes' 15'15 in any known or convenient manner. supportin frames 15-15 carry a floor beam 16 upon w ich the-floorin 17 of the'sc'afloldin is laid, it being an erstood. that there is ere shown only on'e'of a series of units.

Allof the parts so far described are standard construction.

Each supporting frame 15 here shown carries a rotatable unit, in this example a winding drum 18 upon which a cable 12 is wound, and rotating means for operating the rotatable unit. The rotating means comprises separate power transmittlng mechanisms for rotating the rotatable unit at different speeds and for different loads and means common to the separate ower transmitting mechanisms for ople v of oneanot er. A s' here illustrated the rotating means comprises a lever system piv- Therating the latter independently on oted in the frame 15 and separate ratchet mechanisms carried .by the lever system adapted to cooperate with the rotatable unit to operate it at difierent speeds for different loads.

More specifically, there is provided the winding drum 18 rotatably mounted in the frame 15, an interiorly toothed annular flange 19 upon the winding drum 18, andthe ratchet teeth 20 for rotating the drum. 1

. I further provide means for yieldably holdslower rate of s 'Thus the annu pinion 'whereas i spring pawl in or out of ing the pawl 22 in or out of engagement W1), the ratchet teeth 20. As here illustrated, this means comprises a leaf spring 23 which bears against one of two faces on the pawl 22 which meet in a shoulder 24 thereon. Thus when the leaf spring acts as illustrated in Fig. 3 the pawl is held inyieldable enga ement with the ratchet teeth 20, g the pawl is turned in a clockwlse direction until the shoulder 24 passes the bearing surface of the spring 23 the pawl will be held out of engagement with the ratchet-teeth 20 on the annular flange 19.

From the foregoing it will-be obvious that the winding drum 18 may be operated in a contra-clockwise direction by raising and lowering the lever 21. Itwill be equally apparent that if the pawl 24 is turned out of the position shown in Fig. 3 until its shoulder 24 passes. the bearing surface of the leaf 23, raising and lowering the lever 21 will have no direct efiect upon the winding drum 18. Y.

In order to rotate the winding drum 18at a, different (slower) speed for a different (heavier) load I provide a separate power transmitting mechanism. This comprises a separatev ratchet mechanism carried by the lever system and adaptedto cooperate with' the winding drum to rotate the latter at a eed and with greater force. ar flange 19 isinteriorlytoothed so as to have interior spur gear teeth 25 thereon, and there is also provided means cooperating with the interior teeth 25 and with the lever 21 for rotating the drum. For

exam 1e, I may employ a combined ratchet whee and pinion gear 26 rotatably mounted on the frame 15, this gear being in mesh with the interior gear teeth 25 on the flange 19. I may also provide pivotally connected links 27 and 28 having one end 29 pivoted to the axis of the ratchet wheel and pinion gear 26 and the other end 30 pivoted to the lever 21. I may also provide a second pawl 31 similar to the pawl 22 pivotally mounted on' the link 27 and meansfor' instance a second leaf spring 32for yieldably holding this second engagement with the ratchet teeth of the combined ratchet wheel and pinion gear 26. I

The link 27 therefore constitutes a lever pivoted to the axis of the ratchet wheel and gear 26. It will be obvious that coinbined lever 27, pawl 31, and ratchet wheel and pinion gear 26 are adapted to turn the winding drum. Further, through the pivoted link 28 this may be efi'ected by manipu- With heavier loads the ratchet22 is similarly, turned out of engagement with the ratchet teeth 20 upon the flange 19, and the second ratchet 31 is turned into engagement with the ratchet teeth on the combined ratchet wheel and pinion gear 26. The lever 21 is again operated. Because of the greater effective lever arm, greater power is transmitted to the winding drum. The only difference from the previous operation is that heavier loads may be lifted with equal ease, and that the speed of winding is appreciably reduced. Fig. 5 illustrates an embodiment wherein two hoisting drums 18 are mounted on brack- 35 at one side of the scafi'old. The drums are positioned so that their axes extend parallel with the side of the building against which the scaffold is held. The inside supporting cable passes beneath the scaffold over rollers, one of which is indicated at 36, and passes upwardly to one of the winding .drums upon which it is wound. Each rota-ting means is constructed exactly like that which has been described, but the two are linked together by a connecting link 37 andare operated by a single lever 21. This embodiment is particularly useful because it leaves the working side of the scaffold free from encumbrance by the winding drums, and also because one lever 'will sufiice to elevate the entire section, instead of two. as is the case in the construc- A tionillustrated in Figs. 1, 2. 3, and 4.-

From the foregoing it will be seen that the scafioldingmay be raised with a minimum of labor and that the maximum number of men may be steadily engaged upon productive work. Further. the scaffold may be raised with comparative ease under the heaviest loads. I I

It will be realized, of course, that the invention is not limited to scaflolds, but has only been illustrated with reference to such embodiments. Whatever its application, the invention provides a rotating means which is adjustable for light and heavy duty: it also effects a saving in the actuating efl'ort .required. The invention may be simply, effectively, and conveniently employed for a variety of purposes.

With the understanding, therefore, that the particular description and illustrations given are presented merely to indicate how the invention may be applied.

I claim 1. A machine comprising a frame, an element rotatably mounted in said frame, and a lever system pivoted in said frame, in combination with separate ratchet mechanisms carried by said lever system operating through different effective lever arms and adapted to cooperate with said element to rotate the latter at different speeds and for different loads.

2. In a scaffold hoist, a supporting frame, a winding drum rotatably mounted in said frame, and a lever system pivoted in said frame, in combination with separate ratchet mechanisms carried by said lever system operating through different effective lever arms adapted to cooperate with the drum to rotate the latter at different speeds and for different loads.

3. In a scaffold hoist, a supporting frame, a winding drum frame, a; pawl and ratchet mechanism for rotating said drum under ordinary loads. and

rotatably mounted in said eration of said lever being adapted to rotate the drum as desired through one of said pawl and ratchet connections, substantially as described.

6. In a scaffold hoist a rotatable winding drum, interior spur gear teeth upon said drum, a combined ratchet wheel and pinion gear rotatably mounted to mesh with said spur gear teeth, a lever pivoted to the axis of said ratchet wheel and pinion gear, a pawl pivotally mounted upon said lever engaging with the ratchet wheel, said lever, pawl, ratchet wheel and pinion gear being adapted to turn said winding drum under heavy load.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

PATRICK J. CANNON.

a separate pawl and ratchet mechanism operating through a different e fective lever arm for rotating said drum under increased load, in combination with operating means common to both pawl and ratchet mechanisms, for effecting rotation of the drum as desired through either mechanism.

4. In a scaffold hoist, a supporting frame, a winding drum rotatably mounted in said frame, an interiorly-toothed annular flange upon said drum projecting therefrom, and ratchet teeth upon the exterior of said flange, in combination with a lever pivoted on the axis of said drum, a pawl on said lever adapted to engage with said ratchet teeth for rotating the drum, and means cooperating with the interior teeth of said flange and with paid1 lever for rotating the drum under heavy 5. In a scaffold hoist, a supporting frame, a winding drum rotatably mounted in said frame, an annular flange upon said drum projecting therefrom, interior spur gear teeth upon said flange, ratchet teeth upon the exterior of said flange, a lever pivoted on the axis of said drum,'a pawl pivotally mounted on said lever, and means for yieldably holding said pawl in or out of engagement with said ratchet teeth, in combination with a com? bined ratchet wheel and pinion gear rotatably mounted on said frame, the gear being in mesh with said gear teeth upon said flange,

ivotally connected links having one end pivoted to the axis of said'ratchet wheel and pinion gear and their other end pivoted to said lever, a second pawl pivotally mounted upon one of said links, and means for yieldably holding said second pawl in or out of engagement with the ratchet teeth of said combined ratchet wheel and pinion gear, op- 

